What Causes Psoriasis?

Psoriasis is often mistaken for a simple skin rash, but it is actually a complex, chronic autoimmune condition. For our patients in Colorado Springs, Pueblo, and Trinidad, CO, understanding the cause of the scales is the first step toward effective management. At Skin Cancer and Dermatology Center, we recognize that psoriasis is a systemic issue that manifests on the skin. While the exact cause remains the subject of ongoing research, we know that it results from a combination of genetic predisposition and specific environmental triggers that cause the immune system to overreact.

An Overactive Immune Response

In a healthy body, skin cells go through a natural life cycle in which they are produced deep in the dermis and rise to the surface over about a month. In a patient with psoriasis, the immune system, specifically T-cells, mistakenly attacks healthy skin cells. This "false alarm" causes the body to accelerate the production of new skin cells to a matter of days. Because the old cells cannot shed fast enough, they pile up on the surface, creating the characteristic thick, silvery scales and red, inflamed patches known as plaques.

The Genetic Component

Genetics play a significant role in who develops the condition. If you have a first-degree relative with the disease, your risk is notably higher. However, having the genes for psoriasis does not guarantee you will experience symptoms. Many people carry the genetic markers but never develop a flare-up. Researchers believe that a specific "trigger" is usually required to activate the genes and set the autoimmune process in motion. This is why we see the condition skip generations or appear suddenly in adulthood.

Common Triggers for Flare-Ups

While the cause is internal, external factors often dictate the severity and frequency of outbreaks. In the dry, high-altitude climate of Colorado, skin dehydration can be a major trigger. Other common catalysts include:

• Infections: Such as strep throat, which can trigger guttate psoriasis.
• Stress: High levels of emotional stress are a well-documented trigger for systemic inflammation.
• Skin Injuries: Known as the Koebner phenomenon, where a cut, burn, or vaccination site develops a new plaque.
• Medications: Including certain beta-blockers, lithium, and antimalarial drugs.

A Path to Specialized Care

Because psoriasis is an inflammatory condition, it is sometimes associated with other health concerns, such as psoriatic arthritis or cardiovascular issues. This is why a clinical diagnosis from a dermatologist is essential. At our offices in Colorado Springs, Pueblo, and Trinidad, CO, we offer advanced treatments, ranging from topical corticosteroids and phototherapy to modern biologics, that target the specific immune pathways causing your symptoms. To begin your psoriasis care, call us at the following numbers:

Colorado Springs:  (719) 574-0310

Pueblo:   (719) 564-5544

Trinidad:   (800) 290-2478